ʻĀpana lapaʻau e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ʻo Phospating hana vist
Palapala noi
E hoʻohiolo i kēia ʻāpana i ka ʻenekino lapaʻau ʻilikai
Hoʻohui nui ʻia me ka ʻenekema hoʻomaʻemaʻe, agena antirust a me ka hopena phosphating. Māhele ʻia ka ʻenehana lapaʻau ʻilikai i ka mālama ʻana i ka mīkini (e like me ke one, ka anai ʻana, ka holoi ʻana i ka wai kiʻekiʻe, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) a me ka mālama lāʻau kemika o ʻelua mau ʻāpana. No nā pale, electroplating a me nā ʻenehana ʻē aʻe i hoʻomohala kūʻokoʻa ʻia e like me ka ʻenehana pale pale ʻino ka hao, ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia nā kemika i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka laulā o ka mea i mālama ʻia e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma aneʻi.
Mea holoi pelu
Hoʻomaʻemaʻe pinepine ʻia nā metala a me kā lākou huahana me nā lepo like ʻole a me nā haumia ma ka ʻili i ka wā o ka hana ʻana. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kahi ʻāpana nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka hao. I mea e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i ka degreasing aila no ka pahuhopu nui o ka mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe maʻamau he agena hoʻomaʻemaʻe petrololi, luna hoʻomaʻemaʻe hydrocarbon hoʻomaʻemaʻe, mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe alkaline a me ka mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe i loko o nā surfactants, a pēlā aku.
Nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe petroleum
ʻO nā mea nui ka penehīne solvent, petrolene a i ʻole ka diesel māmā. ʻO kāna kumumanaʻo hana nui e hoʻohana i kāna hopena hoʻoheheʻe ma ka hamo o ka hao. Ma muli o kēia ʻano hoʻoheheʻe he komo ikaika a me ka waiwai degreasing maikaʻi, hoʻohana mau ʻia ia no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe nui e hoʻoneʻe i kahi nui o nā momona momona. Akā i ka hoʻohana maoli ʻana, hoʻohui pinepine i kahi ʻano surfactant synthetic, i hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka lepo i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, a i kekahi manawa e hoʻohui pū i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka agena antirust, no laila ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka papa he manawa pōkole o ka hiki antirust. . ʻO kēia ʻano mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻaila ʻaila, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo ka petrolina, no ka flammability, pono e hoʻohana pono i nā hana palekana ahi.
Nā kikoʻī wikiwiki
ʻO ka detergent hydrocarbon klorinado
ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe i hoʻohana mau ʻia he trichlorethylene a me carbon tetrachloride. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia mau mea hoʻoheheʻe e ko lākou solubility ikaika no nā aila a me nā momona, akā he mau kiko kohua liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻohe wela ʻole. Eia kekahi, ʻuʻuku ka wela kikoʻī a liʻiliʻi ka wela huna o ka evaporation, no laila wikiwiki ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana a me ka condensation. ʻOi aku ka nui o kona mānoanoa ma mua o ka ea, a no laila aia ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka lewa. Ma muli o kēia mau ʻano, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa mahu. Ma muli o ke kumu kūʻai o kēia mau mea hoʻoheheʻe, hana pinepine ʻia a recyclable paha lākou. ʻO kekahi mau mea hoʻoheheʻe, e like me trichlorethylene, loaʻa kekahi mea ʻona. Ke hui pū ka māmā, ka ea a me ka pulu, hana ʻia ka hydrogen chloride e ka palaho, a he maʻalahi hoʻi ke kumu e hoʻowali ai i ka hao. ke hoʻomehana ʻia me ka alkali ikaika, hiki ke maʻalahi i ka pahū, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. E akahele i ka hoʻohana ʻana iā lākou.
Agena hoʻomaʻemaʻe alkaline
ʻO ka nui o ka sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, sodium phosphate, a pēlā aku, i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai e lilo i mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe alkaline. ʻO kā lākou kumumanaʻo o ka hana hiki ke hiki a me ka aila i loko o ka fatty acid glycerol ester saponification e hana i ke kopa kumu, no laila lilo ka aila i wai-wai a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e wehe. I waena o lākou, ʻo ka sodium hydroxide a me ka sodium carbonate ka hana o ka pale ʻana i ka lepo acidic. ʻO Sodium phosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, a me nā mea ʻelua ʻelua me ka hopena hoʻomaʻemaʻe, akā e kāohi i ka hana o ka ʻaʻai. ʻO Sodium silicate kahi gelling, hoʻopuehu, a pēlā aku, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe. Mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe alkaline ma muli o ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, non-toxic, non-flammable a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe, ka hoʻohana ākea ākea. Akā i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka ʻākena hoʻomaʻemaʻe alkaline e nānā pono i nā mea o ka metala e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia, koho i ka pH kūpono o ka hopena alkali. Eia hou, ke hoʻohana nei i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe alkaline, hoʻohui pinepine ʻia nā surfactants e hana i kahi ʻano hoʻohui e hoʻonui ai i ka hopena hoʻomaʻemaʻe.
Pākuʻi antirust pelu
He papa ia o nā ʻākena kemika i hoʻohui ʻia i nā pāpāho like ʻole e like me ka wai, ka ʻaila a i ʻole ka aila no ke kumu o ka pale ʻana i ka popo. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o ka ʻākena antirust soluble wai, aila antirust soluble i hoʻoilina ʻia, a me nā mea hoʻoiho antirust emulsified.
Agena pale antirust i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka wai
Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai e hana i kahi wai wai, a mālama ʻia ka metala me kēia wai wai e pale ai i ka palaʻino a me ka pala. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kā lākou hana anti-corrosion i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana. (1) Hana ka metala a me ka agena antirust i kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻole a ʻeleʻele hoʻi, no laila e pale ana i ka hoʻopau anodic o ka metala a i ʻole ke hāpai ʻana i ka passivation o ka mea hao, no laila ke kāohi nei i ka pala o ka hao. ʻIke ʻia kēia mau mea pale kalapū ma ke ʻano he agena passivating, e like me ka sodium nitrite a me ka potassium dichromate. Ke hoʻohana nei iā lākou, pono e ʻike ʻia ka nui kūpono. Ke lawa ʻole ka mahele hana, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni piha, a ma ka papa hao liʻiliʻi i uhi ʻole ʻia, e hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ke au o ka popopo, kahi e maʻalahi ai ka popopo kūloko. Hoʻopuka nā mea hana metala a me nā antirust i nā paʻakai hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, a laila hoʻokaʻawale i ka mea hao mai ka medium corrosive a pale iā ia mai ka pala. ʻO kahi laʻana: hiki i kekahi o ka phosphate ke hana me ka hao e hana i ka paʻakai hao phosphate hao ʻole; hiki i kekahi kēpau silicate a me ka hao, ke kuleana alumini e hoʻoulu i ka silicate hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi a pēlā aku. (3) Hana nā metala a me nā agena antirust i nā mea i hiki ʻole ke hoʻopau ʻia, kahi e uhi ai i ka papa kila a pale i ka mea hao mai ka popopo. ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki i ka benzotriazole a me ke keleawe ke hana i chelate Cu (C6H4N3) 2, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a me ka aila, no laila hiki ke pale i ka ʻāpana o ke keleawe.
Agena anirust soluble ʻaila
ʻIʻike ʻia hoʻi me nā mea kāohi aila hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia i ka aila. ʻO ka hapanui o lākou he mau hui kūlohelohe kalapona lōʻihi me nā hui polar. Hoʻolaha nui ʻia nā hui polar i loko o kā lākou mole i ka ʻili metala e ka uku; kuhikuhi ʻia nā hui polar ʻole o nā kaulahao kaulona kalapona lōʻihi i waho o ka ʻili metala, a hiki ke hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka aila, no laila hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia nā molakeke antirust agents ma luna o ka metala, e hana ana i kahi kiʻi pale pale adsorptive e pale aku i ka metala mai ka lū ʻia ʻana o ka wai a me ka oxygen. Wahi a kāna hui polar, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻelima mau ʻāpana: ① sulfonate, ke ʻano kemika ʻo (R-SO3. Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia ka metala alkali a i ʻole nā alkaline honua metala paʻakai o ka petroleum sulfonic acid, e like me barium petroleum sulfonate, sodium petroleum sulfonate , barium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate a pēlā aku. ʻO nā Carbylylic acid a me ko lākou mau kopa, ke ʻano kemika no R-COOH a me (R-COO) nMm. etc., kekahi oxyfuel, alkenesuccinic acid a me nā synthetic carboxylic acid, a me nā huahana ʻaila e like me naphhenic acid. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ka polarity o ke kopa keleawe o ka carboxylic acid ma mua o ka acid acid carboxylic, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena antirust, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka solubility aila. A e hydrolyzed ʻia ia e ka wai, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka wā e hoʻopuehu ʻia ai i ka aila, i kekahi manawa e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ia mai ka aila. sterEster, ke ʻano maʻamau o ka kemika ʻo RCOOR ". Lanolin a me ka beesw ʻO ke koʻi he mea hoʻohui ester kūlohelohe, a he mea maikaʻi hoʻi e hoʻopaʻa i nā mea antirust metala. Loaʻa i nā Esters o polyalcohols nā hopena antirust maikaʻi, e like me ka pentaerythrityl monooleate a me ka sorbitan monooleate (Span-80), nā mea lawelawe antirust metala maikaʻi a hoʻohana nui ʻia. (4) Amines, ke ʻano maʻamau ʻo R-NH2, e like me ka octadecylamine, a pēlā aku. Akā, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā amine maʻalahi i ka aila mineral. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole lawa ka maikaʻi o nā amine maʻalahi e pale aku ai i ka popo i ka aila mineral, akā ʻo nā paʻakai amine a i ʻole nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe i hana ʻia e nā amine a me nā acid acid, e like me ka oleate octadecylamine, cyclohexylamine stearate, a pēlā aku. (5) sulfur, nitrogen heterocyclic compound, heterocyclic apo i loaʻa ka sulfur a i ʻole nitrogen a me kekahi mau mea loaʻa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea pale kalaka hao, e like me ka paʻakai imidazoline alkyl phosphate, benzotriazole a me α-mercaptobenzothiazole a pēlā aku. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Imidazoline no ka pale ʻana i ka popo ferrous a me nā hao hao ʻole, ʻoiai ʻo benzotriazole e hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka keleawe a me nā pale popo hao hao ʻē aʻe ʻole ferrous.
Emilified agirust konohiki
Aia he ʻelua ʻano o ka mea hoʻoilina antirust emulsified: ʻo kekahi ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o nā huna aila i loko o ka wai, ʻo ia hoʻi ka emulsion aila-i-ka wai, a keʻokeʻo pinepine ia i ka waiū; ʻo ka lua ke kāpae ʻia o nā huna wai i ka aila, ʻo ia hoʻi ka emulsion o ka wai-i-ka wai, ka mea maʻamau a wai wai translucent paha. ʻAʻole ka mea antirust emulsified i hana ʻia i ka antirust, akā ʻo ka lubrication a me ka hana hōʻoluʻolu, no laila hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia e like me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe lubricating no ke ʻoki metala. I ka wā ma mua, hoʻohana mau ʻia ka emulsifier i mea hoʻohana emirified antirust i loko o nā aila a me nā mea momona (e like me ka aila mea kanu, aila castor, a pēlā aku) ma o ke kaʻina saponification, a i ke kenekulia 21, triethanolamine oleate, ʻaila sulfonated a i ʻole surfactant non-ionic. hoʻohana ʻia. I mea e hoʻoikaika ai i ka hana rustproof, ke kāwili ʻia i loko o ka emulsion me ka wai, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia i kekahi nui o ka agirust antirust agents e like me ka sodium nitrite a me sodium carbonate, sodium nitrite a me triethanolamine. Hoʻohui ʻia, i mea e pale a hoʻōlohi ai i ka hōʻino ʻana o ka emulsion, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia i kahi nui o nā ʻāpana antifungal, e like me phenol, pentachlorophenol, sodium benzoate, a pēlā aku.
Pākuʻi phosphate pelu
ʻO Phosphate kahi ala nui o ka pale ʻana i ka popopo o nā mea metala, ke kumu o ia mea e hoʻolako i ka pale anti-corrosion i ka metala kumu, no ka pena ʻana ma mua o ka priming, e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka papa uhi a me ke kūpaʻa ʻaʻa a me ka hana metala mai ka hakakā hoʻoliʻiliʻi a me ka lubrication. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo Phosphating i kahi ʻenehana pretreatment, pono ke kumumanaʻo i kahi hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni hoʻololi kemika. ʻO nā noi ʻenehana he mau ʻāpana kila ma ka phosphate papa, akā ʻo nā metala ʻole ferrous e like me ka aluminika, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana kiniki i phosphate.