ʻO ka Dye kahi hui kūlohelohe, pinepine i ke alo o nā kūlana wai e hoʻopau ai i ka hopena kemika, no laila ke kūʻai mua ʻia ka wai synthetic mua o ka honua ma ke ʻano wai, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka maikaʻi o ka wai kala me ka ratio o kēia manawa ua mamao loa mai, hiki wale nō. e noʻonoʻo ʻia e like me ke ʻano kumu o ka wai wai i kēia lā. I kēlā manawa, ma kahi o 20% o nā mea kūʻai aku he wai, a ʻo kēia mau wai wai ka nui o ka VAT dyes a me ka mordant dyes.

I ka makahiki 1923, ua hoʻohui mua ka poʻe Pelekāne i nā mea hoʻohui i koho ʻia i ka waiʻona mua a ma hope o ka wili ʻana, hana ʻia ka disperse dye aqueous dispersion insoluble.

Wahi a ka palapala 1924, i kēlā manawa e pili ana i ka 80% o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka wai i loko o ka pauka maikaʻi, ua hana ʻia nā dye VAT i kahi ākea o ka puʻupuʻu nui o ka nui, mai ka maikaʻi loa a hiki i ka 50um pauda waiwai. o ka lepo ko'iko'i a me ka pulu'i 'ole.

Ma hope o ka makahiki 1930, ua hoʻomohala hou ʻia nā ʻano mea hoʻopuehu, akā aia kekahi mau hemahema e like me ka maʻalahi o ka ua a me ka paʻa ʻole o ka mālama ʻana.

I kēia manawa ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka wai wai ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā ʻano waiwai like ʻole, hiki i ka manawa mālama ke hiki i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hapalua makahiki me ka ʻole o ka pōʻino, haʻahaʻa ke kumu kūʻai o ka wai wai, maʻalahi e hoʻohana a hoʻomohala mau ʻia.

Mai ka makahiki 1950, ua hoʻolaha ka puka ʻana o ka mīkini sanding i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻenehana post-treatment.ʻO ka wili pulu me ka mīkini sanding hiki ke loaʻa i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. a ʻo ka hana ʻana i nā mea wai hiki ʻole ke holomua.

Me ka holomua o nā mīkini kemika a me nā mea hana kemika, ua hoʻomaka ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā kala granular. ʻO ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka lepo lepo lepo e lana ana i ka lewa, ua ʻike koke ʻia nā ʻano hana i hoʻokipa ʻia e ka ʻoihana hana a me ka noi ʻana, i kēia manawa ua hana ʻia nā mea pena i nā huahana granular.