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N-Methylformamide（NMF） CAS:123-39-7
N-Methylformamide（NMF） CAS:123-39-7
ʻO ka N-methylformamide maʻemaʻe he wai waihoʻoluʻu ʻole, ʻikea a viscous, mp-3.8 ℃, bp198 ℃, n25D 1.4310, pili pono 0.9986 (25 ℃), hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe i nā paʻakai inorganic, a he hygroscopic. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ʻakika a i ʻole ka hopena alkaline.
ʻO ka N-methylformamide kahi mea koʻikoʻi synthetic raw material. Hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka synthesis o nā pesticides, insecticides a me acaricides monoformamidine a me diformamidine. Hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka hana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka ʻili synthetic, ka ʻili hana, a me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe no nā textiles fiber kemikal. .
Hana ʻia ke ʻano hana 1. Hana ʻia ke ʻano methylamine e ka hopena o ka methylamine a me ka carbon monoxide. 2. Loaʻa ke ʻano o ka methyl formate ma ka hopena o ka methyl formate a me ka methylamine. 3. Loaʻa mai ka hopena o ka ethyl formate a me ka methylamine. E hoʻohui i ka ethyl formate i loko o ka reactor, e hoʻohui i ka wai methylamine ma lalo o ka hoʻoluʻu, a e hoʻihoʻi i ka hopena ma 40°C. A laila waiho ʻia no 3 mau lā, a ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka ethanol ma lalo o ke kaomi hoʻemi ʻia no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka huahana pala. Loaʻa ka huahana i hoʻopau ʻia e ka distillation ma lalo o ke kaomi hoʻemi.
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3-Dimethylaminopropylamine CAS: 109-55-7
ʻO ka Diamine kahi papa koʻikoʻi o nā mea kemika i hoʻohana nui ʻia e like me nā mea maka, waena a huahana paha. No ka laʻana, ʻo diamine kahi ʻāpana hana koʻikoʻi i ka synthesis o ka polyamide a me nā hopena polymerization condensation. ʻO N,N-dimethyl-1Chemicalbook,3-diaminopropane (DMAPA) kahi mea koʻikoʻi waena, hoʻohana ʻia no ka laʻana i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka ʻoihana o nā lubricants. Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo DMAPA ma ke ʻano he mea maka no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā coagulants a pono iā ia iho nā waiwai Anti-corrosion.
He wai aniani ʻole waihoʻoluʻu. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik. Hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā mea waiwai, e like me ka palmitamide dimethylpropylamine, cocamidopropyl betaine, mink oil amidopropylamine, etc.
Ke hoʻohana nei i ka dimethylaminopropionitrile [1738-25-6] ma ke ʻano he mea maka, hoʻohui ʻia ka hydrogenation a me ka methanol i mua o ka catalyst Ni-Al, a laila kānana a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka huahana pau o 3-dimethylaminopropylamine. ʻO ka maʻemaʻe o ka huahana i loaʻa hiki ke piʻi ma mua o 99%, a ʻo kēlā me kēia ton o ka huahana e hoʻopau i ka 1150kg o dimethylaminopropionitrile. -
2-(N-Ethyl-m-toluidino) ethanol CAS: 91-88-3
ʻO ka N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethyl m-toluidine (2-(Ethyl(m-tolyl)amino)ethanol) he wai melemele māmā a me ka wai waihoʻoluʻu. Hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā dyes cationic, e like me ka cationic red 6B. Hoʻohana ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he mea maka no ka hana ʻana i nā mea hoʻomohala kala a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
Hoʻohana: 1. Nā mea hoʻoheheʻe wai.
ʻO ka lua, hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka hana ʻana i nā dyes cationic, e like me ka cationic red 6B.
3. Hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā mea maka no ka hana ʻana i nā mea hoʻomohala kala a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
hana hana
1. m-toluidine ala
Hoʻomākaukau ʻia ia mai ka m-toluidine a me ka ethyl iodide e like me nā mea maka.
ʻElua, N-ethyl m-toluidine ala
Hoʻomākaukau ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka N-ethyl m-toluidine ma ke ʻano he mea maka a me ka pane ʻana me ka chloroethanol (a i ʻole ethylene oxide).
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N,N-Dimethylformamide CAS 68-12-2
ʻO Dimethylformamide kahi wai kala ʻole a maopopo. ʻAʻole ia he mea hoʻohana nui kemika, akā he mea hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi loa me ka nui o nā hoʻohana. ʻO Dimethylformamide kahi mea waiwai nui no ka lāʻau lapaʻau, petrochemical, ʻili a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.
Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Dimethylformamide ʻo DMF. He hui ia kahi i pani ʻia ai ka pūʻulu hydroxyl o ka waika formic e kahi pūʻulu dimethylamino, me ka pūʻulu mole HCON(CH3)2. He wai kala ʻole a ʻaʻole ia me ka ʻala amine māmā a me ka mānoanoa pili o 0.9445 (25 ℃). Ka helu hehee -61 ℃. He 152.8 ℃ ka helu paila. He 57.78 ℃ ke kiko uila. Māmā māhu 2.51. Pumi mahu 0.49kpa (3.7mmHg25 ℃). ʻO 445 ℃ ka helu autognition. ʻO ka palena pahū o ka mahu a me ka hui ʻana o ka ea he 2.2 ~ 15.2%. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i nā lapalapa a me ka wela kiʻekiʻe ke kumu o ka puhi ʻana a me ka pahū. Hiki iā ia ke hana ikaika me ka sulfuric acid concentrated a me ka waika nitric fuming a pahū. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia me ka wai a me ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe Chemicalbook. He mea hoʻoheheʻe maʻamau no nā hoʻololi kemika. ʻAʻohe ʻala o ka dimethylformamide maʻemaʻe, akā he ʻala iʻa ka pae ʻoihana a i ʻole ka dimethylformamide deteriorated no ka mea aia nā mea haumia dimethylamine. ʻO ka inoa mai ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he dimethyl substitute o formamide (amide of formic acid), a aia nā pūʻulu methyl ʻelua ma ka atom N (nitrogen). ʻO Dimethylformamide kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe polar (hydrophilic) aprotic me kahi kiʻekiʻe e hoʻolapalapa ai, hiki ke hoʻoikaika i ka mīkini pane SN2. Hana ʻia ka dimethylformamide mai ka formic acid a me ka dimethylamine. ʻAʻole paʻa ka Dimethylformamide (ʻoi loa i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe) i mua o nā kumu ikaika e like me ka sodium hydroxide a i ʻole nā ʻakika ikaika e like me ka waika hydrochloric a i ʻole sulfuric acid, a hydrolyzes i formic acid a me dimethylamine.
Paʻa loa ia i ka lewa a i ka wā i wela ai a hoʻolapalapa. Ke kiʻekiʻe ka mahana ma mua o 350 ° C, nalowale ka wai a hoʻopuka i ka carbon monoxide a me ka dimethylamine. ʻO N, N-dimethylformamide kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe polar aprotic maikaʻi loa e hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe i ka hapa nui o nā mea organik a me nā mea ʻole a hiki ke hui pū me ka wai, nā ʻawaʻawa, nā ethers, aldehydes, ketones, esters, halogenated hydrocarbons a aromatic hydrocarbons. . Hoʻopuni ʻia ka hopena maikaʻi o ka mole N,N-dimethylformamide e nā pūʻulu methyl, e hana ana i kahi pale Chemicalbook spatial e pale ai i nā ion maikaʻi ʻole mai ka hoʻokokoke ʻana a hoʻopili wale i nā ion maikaʻi. ʻOi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka ʻeleʻele ma mua o nā anion i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hana ʻana ma N,N-dimethylformamide ma mua o nā solvents protic maʻamau. No ka laʻana, hana ka carboxylates a me ka halogenated hydrocarbons i N,N-dimethylformamide ma ka lumi wela. , hiki ke hoʻohua i nā esters me nā hua kiʻekiʻe, a kūpono loa ia no ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā esters sterically hindered.
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N, N-Diethylaniline CAS:91-66-7
N, N-Diethylaniline CAS:91-66-7
ʻAʻohe kala i ka wai melemele. He ʻala kūikawā. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e like me ka ethanol, ether, chloroform a me benzene. Loaʻa mai ka hopena o ka aniline a me ka ethyl chloride. ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea maka: aniline 645kg/t, ethyl chloride (95%) 1473kg/t, caustic soda (42%) 1230kg/t, phthalic anhydride 29kg/t.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā dyes azo, triphenylmethane dyes, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Ka Waihona : Ua hoʻomaloʻo ʻia ka hale kūʻai i ka wela haʻahaʻa; mālama ʻia mai nā ʻakika, nā mea hoʻomake a me nā mea hoʻohui meaʻai. -
Polyethylene-polyamine CAS: 68131-73-7
Polyethylene-polyamine CAS: 68131-73-7
ʻAno ʻAlani-ʻulaʻula a ʻeleʻele ka wai viscous.
Hoʻohana: Hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i ka resin hoʻololi anion, membrane hoʻololi ion, demulsifier aila ʻaila, mea hoʻohui aila lubricating, etc.
Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe: hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a me ka ethanol, hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka etera, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ka makū a me ke kalapona kalapona i ka lewa, a hana i nā paʻakai like me nā waikawa, e hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā mahana haʻahaʻa.
He mea maʻalahi loa ka pahū ʻana i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai i ka hopena, friction, open flame a i ʻole nā kumu hoʻāla ʻē aʻe. E kūʻai i loko o kahi hale kūʻai maloʻo maloʻo a hoʻolaʻa ʻia i nā mea pahū. ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka mahana o ka mālama ʻana ma mua o 32 ° C a ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma mua o 80%. E mālama i ke ahi a me nā kumu wela. Pono lākou e mālama ʻokoʻa mai nā oxidants, nā waikawa, a me nā alkali, a pale i ka waiho ʻana. Hoʻolako ʻia me ke ʻano kūpono a me ka nui o nā lako ahi. Pono e loaʻa nā mea kūpono ma kahi e mālama ai i nā ʻōpala. ʻAʻohe vibration, hopena a me ka friction.
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Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid CAS: 60-00-4
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid CAS: 60-00-4
waiwai kemika
Hoʻopili kēia huahana mai ka wai e like me ka pauka keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka solubility i ka wai ma 25 ℃ he 0.5g/L. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai anuanu, ka waiʻona a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe maʻamau. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate a me nā hoʻonā ammonia.
Hana hana:
Ka hopena o ka ethylenediamine a me ka waikawa chloroacetic. E hoʻohui i 100kg o ka chloroacetic acid, 100kg o ka hau a me 135kg o ka sodium hydroxide solution (30%) i loko o ka ipu aniani, a laila hoʻohui i 18kg o 83% a 84% ethylenediamine ma lalo o ka hoʻoulu ʻana. Incubate ma 15 ° C no 1 hola. Hoʻohui i ka solution 30Chemicalbook% sodium hydroxide i nā pūʻulu o 10L i kēlā me kēia manawa. Ma hope o kēlā me kēia hoʻohui, hoʻohui i kahi pūʻulu ʻē aʻe ma hope o ka ʻike ʻole ʻana o ka hoʻonā hoʻāʻo phenolphthalein i ka ʻulaʻula. E mālama i ka lumi wela no 12h. E wela i ka 90°C a e hoʻoneʻe kala me ke kalapona hoʻā. E kānana, holoi i ke koena kānana me ka wai, a hoʻoponopono hope i ka waiwai pH i 3 me ka waika hydrochloric concentrated. Hoʻomaʻalili a crystallize, kānana a holoi me ka wai a ʻaʻohe hopena chloride ion. Nā huahana maloʻo.
Ka hopena o ka ethylenediamine me ka formaldehyde a me ka sodium cyanide. Hoʻohui i 60% ethylenediamine aqueous solution, 30% sodium cyanide aqueous solution a me ka sodium hydroxide, a mālama i ka hui ʻana ma 20°C no 0.5h. A laila e hoʻohui i ka wai wai formaldehyde i ka dropwise. Ma hope o ka hopena, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka puke kemika a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka wai. A laila e hana hou i ka hana ma luna, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka formaldehyde keu no ka manawa hope loa e ʻae ai i ka sodium cyanide e hana holoʻokoʻa. E hoʻololi i ka pH i 1.2 me ka dilute acid. Ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia kahi ʻeke keʻokeʻo, kānana, holoi ʻia me ka wai, a maloʻo ma 110 ° C. E kiʻi i ka huahana.
ʻO ka Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) kahi mea hana paʻakikī. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo EDTA a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka bleaching fixative i ka hana ʻana i nā mea photosensitive kala, nā mea hoʻonaninani, nā mea kōkua hoʻoponopono fiber, nā mea hoʻohui hoʻonaninani, nā anticoagulants koko, nā detergents, stabilizers, synthetic rubber polymerization initiators, EDTA he chelate Representative mea o nā hui. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻokumu i nā paʻa paʻa paʻa i ka wai me nā metala alkali, nā mea honua laha a me nā metala hoʻololi. Ma waho aʻe o nā paʻakai sodium, aia kekahi mau paʻakai ammonium a me nā paʻakai like ʻole e like me ka hao, magnesium, calcium, copper, manganese, zinc, cobalt, a me ka alumini. He ʻokoʻa ka hoʻohana ʻana o kēlā me kēia paʻakai. Eia hou, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo EDTA e hoʻopau koke i nā metala radioactive ʻino mai ke kino o ke kanaka a pāʻani i kahi hana detoxifying. He mea hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai. He hōʻailona koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi ʻo EDTA, akā hoʻohana ʻia ia e titrate metala nickel, copper, etc. Ke hoʻohana ʻia, pono e hoʻohana pū ʻia me ka amonia e hana ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona. -
Disodium edetate dihydrate CAS: 6381-92-6
Disodium edetate dihydrate CAS: 6381-92-6
ʻO Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (ʻike pū ʻia ʻo disodium EDTA) he mea hana chelating ikaika. Ma muli o kona kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe mau a me ka nui o ka hoʻohui ʻana, hiki iā ia ke pili me ka hapa nui o nā metala koe wale nā metala alkali (Pēlā me ka hao, keleawe, calcium, magnesium a me nā ion multivalent ʻē aʻe) chelate e hana i nā paʻa paʻa wai-soluble, e hoʻopau i nā ion metala a i ʻole. nā hopena ʻino i hana ʻia e lākou.
ʻO Disodium EDTA he pauka keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo i hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a aneane hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ethanol a me ka etera. ʻO ka pH waiwai o kāna ʻano wai e pili ana i ka 5.3 a hoʻohana ʻia i nā detergents, nā mea kōkua dyeing, fiber processing agents, cosmetic additives, food additives, agricultural micro-fertilizers a me Mariculture, etc.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate i ka meaʻai, ka lāʻau lapaʻau, nā mea hoʻonaninani a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate meaʻai ma ke ʻano he stabilizer, coagulant, antioxidant a me preservative, a hiki ke pale i ka waihoʻoluʻu a pale i ka oxidation. , anti-corrosion synergy a me ka hopena stabilizing. -
Sodium edetate CAS: 64-02-8
Sodium edetate CAS: 64-02-8
ʻO ka Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) he 4 pūʻulu carboxyl a hiki ke hana maʻamau i ka disalt, trisalt a me tetrasalt. ʻO nā paʻakai EDTA maʻamau ka disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA-2Na), tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA-4Na), dipotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA-2K) a me ka waikawa ethylenediaminetetraacetic. Tripotassium (EDTA-3K). ʻO ka Tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA-4Na) kahi mole liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i loko o nā hui amino a me ka carboxyl. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka kemika analytical ma ke ʻano he mea hana paʻakikī.
waiwai kemika: ʻO ka pauka crystalline keʻokeʻo. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a me ka waikawa, hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka waiʻona, benzene a me ka chloroform.
ʻO Tetrasodium EDTA kahi mea hana paʻakikī koʻikoʻi a me ka mea pale metala. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻana i ka ʻoihana textile, ka mālama ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai, ka photosensitivity kala, ka lāʻau lapaʻau, nā kemika i kēlā me kēia lā, ka hana pepa a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, ma ke ʻano he additive, activator, hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai, metallic ion masking agent a activator i ka ʻoihana styrene-butadiene rubber. . I loko o ka ʻoihana acrylic kaʻina maloʻo, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopau i ka interference metala a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka waihoʻoluʻu a me ka ʻōlinolino o nā lole i hoʻoluʻu ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea holoi wai e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka holoi ʻana a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hopena holoi. -
Tris(dimethylaminomethyl) phenol CAS 90-72-2
Tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol
CAS 90-72-2
Hana hana
E hoʻohui i ka phenol a me 40% dimethylamine aqueous solution i ka ipu hoʻonā, hoʻoulu a hui like, hoʻoluʻu i lalo o 20°C, hoʻohui mālie i ka 30% formaldehyde aqueous solution ma lalo o ka hoʻoulu ʻana, a me ka mana e hoʻopau i ka hoʻohui ma lalo o 30°C. E hoʻomau i ka hoʻoulu ʻana ma 25-30 ° C no 1 hola, a laila e hoʻonui i ka mahana i 90-95 ° C a reflux no 2 mau hola. E hoʻohui i ka paʻakai e hoʻokaʻawale i ka pae wai, a e hoʻokaʻawale i ka papa ʻaila no ka fractionation ma lalo o ke kaomi hoʻemi ʻia e loaʻa ai ka huahana i hoʻopau ʻia. ʻOi aku ka 95% o nā huahana huahana.
Ke ʻano: ʻAʻole waihoʻoluʻu a i ʻole melemele māmā wai aniani. Hiki ke puhi.
Hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau no ka thermosetting epoxy resins, adhesives, sealants no nā mea laminate a me nā papahele, acid neutralizers a me nā catalysts i ka hana ʻana o ka polyurethane. -
DIETHYLENE TRIAMINE (DETA) 111-40-0
DIETHYLENE TRIAMINE (DETA) 111-40-0
ʻano ʻano
ʻO ka wai viscous hygroscopic melemele me ka ʻala ʻona amonia, hiki ke ʻā a me ka alkaline ikaika. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai, acetone, benzene, etera, methanol, etc., hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka n-heptane, a me ka corrosive i ke keleawe a me kona mau ala. Ka helu hehee -35 ℃. He 207 ℃ ka helu hoʻolapalapa. Pili pili o. 9586. Ke kiko uila 94 ℃. Hōʻike hoʻohālikelike 1. 4810. Loaʻa i kēia huahana ka reactivity o nā amine lua a hiki ke hana maʻalahi me nā ʻano mea like ʻole. Loaʻa i kāna mau derivatives ka laulā o ka hoʻohana.
hoʻohana
Hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia huahana ma ke ʻano he solvent a me ka organik synthesis intermediate, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka epoxy resin curing agents, gas purifiers (no ka CO2 removal), lubricating oil additives, emulsifiers, kiʻi kemika, surfactants, a me nā mea hoʻopau lole. , mea hoʻonui pepa, aminocarboxylic complexing agent, metala chelating agent, heavy metal hydrometallurgy and cyanide-free electroplating diffusion agent, brightener, and synthetic ion exchange resin and polyamide resin, etc. -
N,N-dimethylethanolamine CAS: 108-01-0
N,N-dimethylethanolamine CAS: 108-01-0
He wai waihoʻoluʻu me ka ʻala ʻala. Ka paepae ʻala: 0.25 ppm. Molecularweight 5 89.16; Puni paila =133 ℃; Kahua hau/Heehee = 259 ℃; Lahi uila =41 ℃ (oc); Ka wela ho'ā 'ana 5=295 ℃. Nā palena pahū: LEL 5=1.6%;UEL 5=11.9%. Hōʻike Hazard (e pili ana i ka NFPA-704M Rating System): Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0.Soluble in water.
ʻIke ʻia ʻo ia ʻo dimethylaminoethanol. Hōʻike nā haʻawina i nā waiwai hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻili, a me ka hiki ke hōʻemi i ke ʻano o nā laina maikaʻi a me nā wrinkles a me nā pōʻai ʻeleʻele ma lalo o nā maka. Ua manaʻo ʻia he anti-kahiko, a he antiinflammatory, a ua hōʻike i ka hana scavenging free-radical. Hoʻohana pū ʻia e like me ka corrosion inhibitor, anti-scaling agent, paint additive, coating additive a me nā mea hoʻokaʻawale paʻa. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he waena no nā lāʻau lapaʻau ikaika a me nā mea hoʻonaninani. He mea ho'ōla no nā polyurethanes a me nā resins epoxy. Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia ia i mea hoʻohui i ka wai paila. Ma waho aʻe o kēia, hoʻohana ʻia i ka therapeutically e like me ka CNS stimulant.
