ʻO Kina N,N-Dimethylformamide CAS 68-12-2 hale hana a me nā mea hana

N,N-Dimethylformamide CAS 68-12-2

wehewehe pōkole:

He wai ʻole kala a moakaka ka Dimethylformamide. ʻAʻole wale ia he mea maka kemika i hoʻohana nui ʻia, akā he mea hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi loa hoʻi me nā ʻano hoʻohana like ʻole. He mea maka koʻikoʻi ka Dimethylformamide no nā lāʻau lapaʻau, petrochemical, ʻili a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.
Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Dimethylformamide ʻo DMF. He hui ia kahi i pani ʻia ai ka hui hydroxyl o ka waikawa formic e kahi hui dimethylamino, me ke ʻano molekala HCON(CH3)2. He wai hoʻolapalapa kiʻekiʻe ʻole ia a moakaka me kahi ʻala amine māmā a me ka nui o 0.9445 (25 ℃). Helu heheʻe -61 ℃. Helu paila 152.8 ℃. Helu lapalapa 57.78 ℃. Nui mahu 2.51. Kaomi mahu 0.49kpa (3.7mmHg25 ℃). ʻO ke kiko hoʻā ʻana he 445 ℃. ʻO ka palena pahū o ka hui mahu a me ka ea he 2.2 ~ 15.2%. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i nā lapalapa ākea a me ka wela nui e hiki ai ke hoʻoulu i ka puhi ʻana a me ka pahū. Hiki iā ia ke hana ikaika me ka waikawa sulfuric i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a me ka waikawa nitric fuming a pahū. Hiki ke hui pū ʻia me ka wai a me ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik Chemicalbook. He mea hoʻoheheʻe maʻamau ia no nā hopena kemika. ʻAʻohe ʻala o ka dimethylformamide maʻemaʻe, akā he ʻala iʻa ko ka dimethylformamide papa ʻoihana a i ʻole ka dimethylformamide i hōʻino ʻia no ka mea aia nā haumia dimethylamine. Loaʻa ka inoa mai ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he pani dimethyl ia o ka formamide (amide o ka formic acid), a aia nā hui methyl ʻelua ma ka ʻātoma N (nitrogen). ʻO Dimethylformamide kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe aprotic polar (hydrophilic) me kahi kiko paila kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hoʻolaha i ka ʻano hana SN2. Hana ʻia ʻo Dimethylformamide mai ka waikawa formic a me ka dimethylamine. He paʻa ʻole ka Dimethylformamide (ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe) i ke alo o nā kumu ikaika e like me ka sodium hydroxide a i ʻole nā waikawa ikaika e like me ka hydrochloric acid a i ʻole ka sulfuric acid, a hydrolyzes i ka waikawa formic a me ka dimethylamine.
He paʻa loa ia i ka lewa a i ka wā e hoʻomehana ʻia ai a paila. Ke kiʻekiʻe ka mahana ma mua o 350°C, nalowale ka wai a hoʻopuka i ke kalapona monoxide a me ka dimethylamine. ʻO N,N-dimethylformamide kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe polar aprotic maikaʻi loa e hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe i ka hapa nui o nā mea organik a me nā mea inorganic a hiki ke hui pū ʻia me ka wai, nā alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, esters, halogenated hydrocarbons a me nā hydrocarbons aromatic. . Hoʻopuni ʻia ka hopena i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia o ka molekole N,N-dimethylformamide e nā hui methyl, e hana ana i kahi pale Chemicalbook spatial e pale ai i nā ion maikaʻi ʻole mai ka hoʻokokoke ʻana a hoʻopili wale i nā ion maikaʻi. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o nā anions bare ma mua o nā anions solvated. He maʻalahi ka hana ʻana o nā hopena ionic he nui i loko o N,N-dimethylformamide ma mua o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe protic maʻamau. No ka laʻana, pane nā carboxylates a me nā hydrocarbons halogenated i loko o N,N-dimethylformamide ma ka mahana o ka lumi. , hiki ke hoʻopuka i nā esters me nā hua kiʻekiʻe, a kūpono loa no ka synthesis o nā esters stericly hindered.

Inoa:N,N-Dimethylformamide CAS 68-12-2

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Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Dimethylformamide ʻo DMF. He hui ia kahi i pani ʻia ai ka hui hydroxyl o ka waikawa formic e kahi hui dimethylamino, me ke ʻano molekala HCON(CH3)2. He wai hoʻolapalapa kiʻekiʻe ʻole ia a moakaka me kahi ʻala amine māmā a me ka nui o 0.9445 (25 ℃). Helu heheʻe -61 ℃. Helu paila 152.8 ℃. Helu lapalapa 57.78 ℃. Nui mahu 2.51. Kaomi mahu 0.49kpa (3.7mmHg25 ℃). ʻO ke kiko hoʻā ʻana he 445 ℃. ʻO ka palena pahū o ka hui mahu a me ka ea he 2.2 ~ 15.2%. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i nā lapalapa ākea a me ka wela nui e hiki ai ke hoʻoulu i ka puhi ʻana a me ka pahū. Hiki iā ia ke hana ikaika me ka waikawa sulfuric i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a me ka waikawa nitric fuming a pahū. Hiki ke hui pū ʻia me ka wai a me ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik Chemicalbook. He mea hoʻoheheʻe maʻamau ia no nā hopena kemika. ʻAʻohe ʻala o ka dimethylformamide maʻemaʻe, akā he ʻala iʻa ko ka dimethylformamide papa ʻoihana a i ʻole ka dimethylformamide i hōʻino ʻia no ka mea aia nā haumia dimethylamine. Loaʻa ka inoa mai ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he pani dimethyl ia o ka formamide (amide o ka formic acid), a aia nā hui methyl ʻelua ma ka ʻātoma N (nitrogen). ʻO Dimethylformamide kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe aprotic polar (hydrophilic) me kahi kiko paila kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hoʻolaha i ka ʻano hana SN2. Hana ʻia ʻo Dimethylformamide mai ka waikawa formic a me ka dimethylamine. He paʻa ʻole ka Dimethylformamide (ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe) i ke alo o nā kumu ikaika e like me ka sodium hydroxide a i ʻole nā waikawa ikaika e like me ka hydrochloric acid a i ʻole ka sulfuric acid, a hydrolyzes i ka waikawa formic a me ka dimethylamine.
He paʻa loa ia i ka lewa a i ka wā e hoʻomehana ʻia ai a paila. Ke kiʻekiʻe ka mahana ma mua o 350°C, nalowale ka wai a hoʻopuka i ke kalapona monoxide a me ka dimethylamine. ʻO N,N-dimethylformamide kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe polar aprotic maikaʻi loa e hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe i ka hapa nui o nā mea organik a me nā mea inorganic a hiki ke hui pū ʻia me ka wai, nā alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, esters, halogenated hydrocarbons a me nā hydrocarbons aromatic. . Hoʻopuni ʻia ka hopena i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia o ka molekole N,N-dimethylformamide e nā hui methyl, e hana ana i kahi pale Chemicalbook spatial e pale ai i nā ion maikaʻi ʻole mai ka hoʻokokoke ʻana a hoʻopili wale i nā ion maikaʻi. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o nā anions bare ma mua o nā anions solvated. He maʻalahi ka hana ʻana o nā hopena ionic he nui i loko o N,N-dimethylformamide ma mua o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe protic maʻamau. No ka laʻana, pane nā carboxylates a me nā hydrocarbons halogenated i loko o N,N-dimethylformamide ma ka mahana o ka lumi. , hiki ke hoʻopuka i nā esters me nā hua kiʻekiʻe, a kūpono loa no ka synthesis o nā esters stericly hindered.

Kahua noi

Ka wehewehe ʻana o ke kūkulu ʻana

N,N-Dimethylformamide

CAS 68-12-2

Helu CBN: CB2854115

ʻO ke ʻano molekole: C3H7NO

Kaumaha molekole 73.09

Kikowaena hoʻoheheʻe: -61°C (lit.)

Ka hoʻohuli kikoʻī: 0.94º

Ka paila ʻana: 153°C (lit.)

Ka nui o ka paʻa: 0.944g/mL (lit.) V

Ka nui o ka mahu apor Chemicalbook: 2.5 (vsair)

Kaomi mahu: 2.7mmHg (20°C) Kuhikuhi refractive: n20/D1.430(lit.)

Wahi lapalapa: 136°

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