1, ʻōnaehana resin: hana ʻia ka pena wai maʻamau me ka styrene acrylic, ka ʻōnaehana resin emulsion maʻemaʻe, ka hapa nui o ka mea hoʻokahi. ʻO nā ʻōnaehana pena kiʻi wai ʻenehana he alkyd pili wai, epoxy ester wai, epoxy wai, polyurethane acrylate a me nā ʻōnaehana resin i hoʻololi ʻia a hybrid.

2, nā hiʻohiʻona hana: ʻo ka pena wai maʻamau e hōʻike i ka manaʻo o ka ʻono maʻemaʻe, ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni a pēlā aku. Loaʻa iā ia ka pale pale. Pono nā pena wai ʻoihana i nā waiwai kiʻekiʻe, e like me ka paʻakai paʻakai, ka hopena o ka hopena, adhesion, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. , etc., e like me nā mea hana like ʻole.

3, ʻaʻole like ka hoʻohana ʻana: ka pena wai maʻamau no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā paia o waho, ka lāʻau, ka hao a me nā kiʻi pena ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana ʻia ka pena ʻoihana wai no ka hoʻolālā kila anticorrosion, ipu, alahaka, ka uhi ʻana i nā lako mīkini.