ʻO nā kala he mau mea hoʻohuihui kala e hiki ke hoʻoluʻu i nā olonā a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea ʻē aʻe i loko o kahi kala. Hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i ka paʻi ʻana i nā olonā a me nā lole, ka hoʻoluʻu ʻili, ka hoʻoluʻu pepa, nā mea hoʻohui meaʻai a me nā ʻano kala plastik. Wahi a ko lākou mau waiwai a me nā ʻano noi, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kala i nā kala hoʻolaha, nā kala reactive, nā kala sulfide, nā kala VAT, nā kala waikawa, nā kala pololei a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka mākeke nui ma ka mōʻaukala e pili nui ana i ke kumukūʻai o ka dye, a ʻo ke kumukūʻai dye e piʻi a hāʻule pinepine me ke kumukūʻai o nā mea maka a me ka pilina o ka lako a me ke koi e hoʻoholo ai, he ikaika a nāwaliwali ke kau kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ka ʻoihana luna o ka ʻoihana hana dyestuff ka ʻoihana petrochemical, ka ʻoihana kemika kumu a me ka ʻoihana kemika lanahu. ʻO nā mea maka nui o ka dyestuff he benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, heterocycles a me ka inorganic acid a me ka alkali a me nā huahana kemika ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka ʻoihana ma hope ka ʻoihana paʻi a me ka dyeing i ka ʻoihana lole.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea waena o ka dye i nā moʻo benzene, nā moʻo naphthalene a me nā moʻo anthracene e like me ko lākou ʻano, kahi i hoʻohana nui ʻia ai nā mea waena o ka benzene. Ma waena o nā mea waena benzene, ʻo m-phenylenediamine a me nā reductants nā mea maka koʻikoʻi no ka synthesis o nā dyes disperse, a ʻo para-ester nā mea waena koʻikoʻi o nā dyes reactive. Ma waena o lākou, hiki ke hoʻohui hou ʻia ka m-phenylenediamine i loko o m-phenylenediamine (hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaʻa no ka impregnation cord cord) a me m-aminophenol (dye sensitive wela/kaomi).

nā waena). ʻO nā waena Naphthalene, me nā waikawa H, nā mea nui no ka hana ʻana i nā dyes reactive, e helu ana i 30-50% o ke kumukūʻai holoʻokoʻa. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā waena no ka synthesis o nā dyes anthraquinone ʻo ia ka 1-amino-anthraquinone, nona ka ʻōnaehana anthraquinone.

ʻO ka loiloi ʻelima mau mana o Porter o ka ʻoihana kala 1. He nāwaliwali ka mana kūkākūkā o nā mea hoʻolako uka. ʻO nā mea hoʻolako uka o ka ʻoihana kala he benzene, naphthalene a me nā mea hoʻolako waiwai petroleum a me petrochemical ʻē aʻe. ʻAneʻane liʻiliʻi ke koi o ka ʻoihana kala no ka petroleum a me nā waiwai petrochemical i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. No laila, ʻo ka ʻoihana kala ke mea e loaʻa ana ke kumukūʻai o nā huahana petroleum a me petrochemical uka.

2. Mana kūkākūkā ikaika no nā mea kūʻai aku ma hope. ʻO nā mea kūʻai aku ma hope o ka ʻoihana kala he mau ʻoihana paʻi a me ka hoʻoluʻu nui. ʻO ka mana kūkākūkā ikaika o ka ʻoihana kala i nā mea kūʻai aku ma hope ma muli o ʻelua mau kumu. ʻO ka mea mua, haʻahaʻa loa ka nui o ka ʻoihana kala. ʻO ka lua, i ke kumukūʻai o ka paʻi a me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana i nā kala i helu ʻia no kahi liʻiliʻi, ʻo nā ʻoihana paʻi a me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana i nā kumukūʻai kala e piʻi maʻalahi ke ʻae.

3. He kakaikahi nā mea komo i ka ʻoihana. Ma muli o ka ʻenehana patent, nā mea maka koʻikoʻi a me nā kumu palekana o ke kaiapuni, he kiʻekiʻe nā pale o ka ʻoihana dyestuff, a ua kaupalena ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hiki ke hana. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka mana hana liʻiliʻi i hope aʻo kakaikahi nā mea komo hou i komo. No laila, e hiki ke hoʻomau i ke ʻano hoʻoikaika kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻoihana dye e hiki mai ana.

4. ʻAʻole hoʻoweliweli iki nā mea pani. ʻAʻole hoʻoweliweli nā hui kala haole e kūʻai ana i nā huahana kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā ​​kala kūikawā i ka ʻoihana kala kūloko. Eia kekahi, i hoʻopilikia ʻia e nā ʻauhau a me nā ukana, ua kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai mai waho mai. ʻO ka hopena, ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli iki nā mea pani kala.

5. Pae waena o ka hoʻokūkū ʻoihana. Ma hope o ka hoʻohui nui ʻana o ka ʻoihana mai 2009 a 2010, ua hāʻule ka nui o nā ʻoihana i ʻoi aku ma mua o 300. Me ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka hoʻoponopono ʻaoʻao lako aupuni, ua hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻoihana dye. ʻO ka mana hana dye disperse kūloko e kau nui ʻia ma Zhejiang Longsheng, Leap Soil Stock a me Jihua Group, ʻo CR3 ma kahi o 70%, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mana hana dye reactive ma Zhejiang Longsheng, Leap Soil Stock, Hubei Chuyuan, Taixing Caragian a me Anoki ʻelima mau ʻoihana, ʻo CR3 kokoke i 50%.
Ua hōʻike ka nānā ʻana ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe pololei ke kumukūʻai o nā kala hoʻopuehu i ka hoʻolauna ʻana i kahi manawa lōʻihi ma waho o ke kau. Ua piʻi aʻe ke kumukūʻai o nā kala ʻeleʻele ECT300% i 36% i nā mahina ʻelua i hala.

Ma ke ʻano o ke koi, ma muli o ka hopena o ke ahulau, ua hoʻoili nā ʻoihana lole nui i hoʻokuʻu ʻia aku ma India i nā kauoha he nui i ka hana kūloko i nā mahina i hala iho nei ma muli o ka hiki ʻole ke hōʻoia i ka lawe maʻamau ma muli o ke ahulau. Eia kekahi, ke hoʻokokoke mai nei ʻo "Double 11", nā ʻoihana e-commerce i ke kauoha mua, ʻo ka waihona ke kī e lanakila ai i ka mākeke. Ma waho aʻe o ka "hoʻoilo anu" o kēia makahiki i manaʻo ʻia, ua ʻōlelo ka ʻoihana ua paʻahana loa nā ʻoihana lole i kēia manawa. Ua piʻi nui ka noi no nā kala uka i ka pane ʻana.

Ma ke ʻano o ka lako, hiki ke hoʻomau ʻia ke kūlana koʻikoʻi o ka palekana a me ka palekana o ke kaiapuni ma Kina no ka manawa lōʻihi i ka wā e hiki mai ana ma muli o ka haumia nui i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hana ʻana o nā dyes a me nā intermediates, a e hoʻopau mālie ʻia ka palekana pili a me ka palekana o ke kaiapuni a me ka hiki ke hana i ka hana kūpono ʻole. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Guoxin Securities he palena palena ka hana ʻana o nā ʻoihana hana dye hoʻolaha liʻiliʻi, kūpono ke kūlana o kēia manawa i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻoihana alakaʻi dye.