ʻAʻole ʻo Diphenol kahi hydrocarbon aromatic no ka mea aia nā ʻātoma oxygen a he mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻala.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ʻo Industrial 2-naphthol i ka naphthol e like me ka mea maka, me 96-98% sulfuric acid sulfonation o 2-naphthol sulfonic acid, a laila me ka sodium sulfite neutralization e hoʻohua ai i kāna paʻakai sodium, a laila me ka sodium hydroxide alkali fusion o 2-naphthol sodium. , a laila me ka sulfuric acidification o 2-naphthol crude huahana, ma hope o ka paila, holoi, maloʻo, decompressed distillation o 2-naphthol huahana.
He koʻikoʻi ka haumia o kēia kaʻina hana a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni.
ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka cyanamine ʻAmelika o 2-isopropylnaphthalene i hui pū ʻia i ka hana ʻana o ka acetone 2-naphthol kaʻina, no ke kumu kūʻai o ka mālama kaiapuni a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe a hoʻōki i ka hana.
I kēia manawa, ʻo nā ʻāina hana nui o 2-naphthol i ka honua ʻo Kina, India, Iapana, Italia a me kekahi mau ʻāina ma ʻEulopa Hikina.
Ua hoʻomakaʻo Kina e hana i ka 2-naphthol i ka makahiki 1957. Mai ka makahiki 1980, i ka wā i ho'ōki ai nā'āina i kūkuluʻia i ka hanaʻana i kekahi ma hope o kekahi, ua liloʻo Kina i mea hoʻolako nui o 2-naphthol.
Mai ka makahiki 1990, ua loaʻa i ka mākeke 2-naphthol nā piʻi a me nā haʻahaʻa. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua mālama ʻia ka hoʻopuka makahiki o 8-100 tausani tons, a ua hoʻomau ʻia ka ulu nui ʻana o ka lawe ʻana aku, me ka lawe ʻana aku o 8,227 tons i 2005, 15,924 tons i 2006, a me 15,307 tons mai Ianuali a ʻOkakopa 2007.
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka 2-naphthol ma Kina ma kahi o 60% o nā intermediates dye, 20% o nā mea hoʻohui kino, 10% o nā kala a me nā puaʻa, a me 10% o nā mea ʻē aʻe.
E like me ka piʻi ʻana o ke koi no nā kala a me nā puaʻa, e piʻi aʻe ka noi no 2-naphthol.
ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kaʻina hana, ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana, ka hōʻemi ʻana i ʻekolu mau ʻōpala a i ʻole ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe hou ua lilo i alakaʻi koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻomau a me ka hoʻomohala olakino o ka ʻoihana hana 2-naphthol.
ʻO ka lua, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻoihana kala a me ka puaʻa
ʻO ka waiʻona a me ka puaʻa waena nā wahi ʻai nui loa o 2-naphthol ma Kina. ʻO ke kumu nui, ʻo ka hana ʻana o nā intermediates dye ke hele nei i ka hoʻoili honua. No ka laʻana, ʻo 2, 3 acids, J acid, γ acid, R acid a me chromophenol AS he mau mea kūʻai nui waena ma Kina, ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hapalua o ka nui o nā huahana kūloko.
Ma waho aʻe o ka synthesis o ka dyestuff a me ka puaʻa intermediates, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka 2-naphthol ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana azo, a me nā pūhui diazo e hana ai i ka dyestuff 1,2, 3 acids.
2, 3 acidification inoa ʻepekema: 2-hydroxy-3-naphthic acid, kona ʻano synthesis ʻo [1]: 2-naphthol a me ka sodium hydroxide reaction, decompressed dehydration, loaʻa ka sodium 2-naphthol, a laila pane me CO2 e loaʻa ai 2- naphthol a me 2, 3 sodium paʻakai, wehe 2-naphthol, acidification, loaa 2, 3 waikawa.
I kēia manawa, ʻo ke ʻano synthesis nui ke ʻano o ka pae paʻa a me ke ʻano solvent, a ʻo ke ʻano solvent ke ʻano maʻamau o ka hoʻomohala ʻana.
ʻO nā puaʻa loko me 2,3 mau ʻakika e like me ka hui ʻana o nā ʻāpana i hoʻohui ʻia e ka hana mua ʻana i nā ʻāpana diazo i loko o nā paʻakai diazo, i hui pū ʻia me 2,3 acids, a laila hoʻohana i ka metala alkali a me nā paʻakai metala honua alkali hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia i loko o ka loko wai wai.
ʻO ka chromatogram nui o 2,3 acid lake pigments he kukui ʻulaʻula.
No ka laʻana: CI Pigment Red 57:1, CI Pigment Red 48:1, etc.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā ʻakika 2, 3 i ka synthesis o ka moʻo chromophenol o nā mea hoʻonaninani hau. I loko o ka Dye Index o 1992, 28 chromophenols i synthesized e 2, 3 acids.
ʻO ke kala phenol AS moʻo o nā ʻāpana hui o ka azo pigment, nā ʻano hana synthetic o kēia ʻano pena i hana ʻia mai ka diazo component diazonium paʻakai mua, a me ke kala o ka phenol coupling AS he moʻo o nā derivatives, e like me AS nā ʻāpana diazo aia wale nō ke apo alkyl aromatic. nā hui halogen, nitrocellulose, alkoxy, e like me AS ka waihoʻoluʻu maʻamau i loaʻa mai ka hopena o ka phenol AS he moʻo o ka wai hiki no nā mea i hui pū ʻia,
No ka laʻana, ʻo ke apo ʻala o nā ʻāpana diazo pū kekahi pūʻulu ʻakika sulfonic, a me nā derivatives chromophenol AS, a laila hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka paʻakai o nā metala honua alkali a me ka alkali i loko o ka loko wai wai.
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