I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua ulu wikiwiki ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau o Kina, a ua lilo ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou i kuhikuhi koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻomohala ʻāina. Ma ke ʻano he lālā o ka ʻoihana kemika, ʻo ka ʻoihana waena lāʻau lapaʻau kekahi ʻoihana uka o ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau. I ka makahiki 2018, ua hōʻea ka nui o ka mākeke i ka 2017B RMB, me ka awelika o ka ulu ʻana o 12.3%. Me ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau, he manaʻolana maikaʻi ka mākeke waena lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia nō naʻe, ke kū nei ka ʻoihana waena lāʻau lapaʻau o Kina i nā pilikia he nui a ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka nānā kūpono a me ke kākoʻo kulekele ma ka pae aupuni. Ma ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā pilikia e kū nei i ka ʻoihana waena lāʻau lapaʻau o Kina a me ka hui pū ʻana me ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻikepili o kēia ʻoihana, ke hāʻawi nei mākou i nā manaʻo kulekele pili no ka hoʻonui ʻana a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka ʻoihana waena lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻEhā mau pilikia nui ma ka ʻoihana waena lāʻau lapaʻau o Kina:

1. Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopuka nui i nā mea waena lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o Kina a me India ma mua o 60% o ka lako honua o nā mea waena lāʻau lapaʻau. I ke kaʻina hana o ka hana waena e neʻe ana i ʻAsia, ua lawe ʻo Kina i kahi nui o nā mea waena lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā apis ma muli o ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa o ka hana a me nā mea maka. Ma ke ʻano o ka lawe mai a me ka lawe aku ʻana o nā mea waena, ʻo nā mea waena lāʻau lapaʻau kūloko he mau huahana haʻahaʻa loa ia, ʻoiai ʻo nā huahana kiʻekiʻe e hilinaʻi nei i ka lawe mai. Hōʻike ka kiʻi ma lalo nei i nā kumukūʻai o ka lawe mai a me ka lawe aku o kekahi mau mea waena lāʻau lapaʻau i ka makahiki 2018. ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o nā kumukūʻai o ka lawe aku ma mua o nā kumukūʻai o ka lawe mai. No ka mea, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka maikaʻi o kā mākou huahana e like me ko nā ʻāina ʻē, koho mau kekahi mau ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau e lawe mai i nā huahana haole ma nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe.

Puna: Nā Dute Kina

2. He mea hoʻokūkū nui ʻo India ma nā mea waena lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka ʻoihana API o Kina, a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o kona pilina hana like me nā ʻāina i hoʻomohala ʻia ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika ma mua o Kina., e like me nā mea waena lāʻau lapaʻau India, ʻo ka nui o ka lawe ʻana mai i kēlā me kēia makahiki he $18 miliona, ʻoi aku ma mua o 85% o nā mea waena i hoʻolako ʻia e Kina, ua hōʻea kāna nui o ka lawe aku i $300 miliona, ʻo nā ʻāina hoʻokuʻu nui ma ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika, Iapana a me nā ʻāina i hoʻomohala ʻia, e hoʻokuʻu aku i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Kelemānia, Italia, ʻo ka helu o nā ʻāina ʻekolu he 46.12% o ka huina o nā mea hoʻokuʻu aku, ʻoiai ʻo ka hapa he 24.7% wale nō ma Kina. No laila, ʻoiai e lawe mai ana i kahi nui o nā mea waena lāʻau lapaʻau haʻahaʻa mai Kina mai, hāʻawi ʻo India i nā ʻāina i hoʻomohala ʻia ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika me nā mea waena lāʻau lapaʻau kiʻekiʻe ma ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻonui mālie nā ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau India i ka hana ʻana o nā mea waena i ka wā hope o ka r&d mua, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ko lākou hiki R&D a me ka maikaʻi o ka huahana ma mua o Kina. ʻO ka ikaika o ka R&D o India ma ka ʻoihana kemika maikaʻi he 1.8%, e kūlike me ko ʻEulopa, ʻoiai ʻo Kina he 0.9%, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka pae honua. Ma muli o ka maikaʻi o nā mea lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele o India e like me ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ua ʻike nui ʻia kona maikaʻi a me ka palekana o ka huahana a puni ka honua, a me ka hana haʻahaʻa a me ka ʻenehana ikaika, hiki i nā mea hana India ke loaʻa i kahi nui o nā ʻaelike hana outsourced. Ma o ka laulima kokoke me nā ʻāina i hoʻomohala ʻia a me nā ʻoihana multinational, ua huki ʻo India i nā haʻawina mai a hoʻopili i nā hana o ka ʻoihana PHARMACEUTICAL ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, e hoʻolaha mau ana i kāna mau ʻoihana ponoʻī e hoʻoikaika i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, hoʻonui i ke kaʻina hana hoʻomākaukau, a hoʻokumu i kahi pōʻaiapuni maikaʻi o ke kaulahao ʻoihana. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ma muli o ka waiwai haʻahaʻa o nā huahana a me ka nele o ka ʻike i ka hopu ʻana i ka mākeke honua, he paʻakikī ka ʻoihana waena lāʻau lapaʻau o Kina e hoʻokumu i kahi pilina lōʻihi a paʻa me nā ʻoihana multinational, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka nele o ka hoʻoikaika no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka R&D.

ʻOiai ke wikiwiki nei nā ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā kemika ma Kina i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka NOIʻI a me ka hoʻomohala hou, ua hoʻowahāwahā ʻia ka hiki ke noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā mea waena lāʻau lapaʻau. Ma muli o ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā huahana waena, pono nā ʻoihana e hoʻomohala mau a hoʻomaikaʻi i nā huahana hou e mālama i ka holomua o ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala hou ʻana i ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana o ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā kulekele palekana kaiapuni, ua piʻi ka kaomi ma luna o nā mea hana e kūkulu i nā hale mālama palekana kaiapuni. Ua emi ka hana waena ma 2017 a me 2018 ma 10.9% a me 20.25%, kēlā me kēia, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka makahiki i hala. No laila, pono nā ʻoihana e hoʻonui i ka waiwai i hoʻohui ʻia o nā huahana a hoʻomaopopo mālie i ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka ʻoihana.

3. ʻO nā mea waena lāʻau lapaʻau nui ma Kina, ʻo ia ka hapa nui o nā mea waena antibiotic a me nā mea waena vitamina. E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi ma lalo nei, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea waena antibiotic ma mua o 80% o nā mea waena lāʻau lapaʻau nui ma Kina. Ma waena o nā mea waena me ka hua o ʻoi aku ma mua o 1,000 tons, 55.9% he mau antibiotics, 24.2% he mau mea waena vitamina, a he 10% he mau mea waena antibacterial a me metabolic. ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka hana ʻana o nā ʻano antibiotics ʻē aʻe, e like me nā mea waena no nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻōnaehana cardiovascular a me nā mea waena no nā lāʻau anticancer a me antiviral. ʻOiai ke kūkulu ʻia nei ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau hou o Kina, aia kahi ʻokoʻa maopopo ma waena o ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lāʻau anti-tumor a me anti-viral a me nā ʻāina i hoʻomohala ʻia, no laila he paʻakikī ke hoʻokele i ka hana ʻana o nā mea waena upstream mai ka downstream. I mea e hoʻololi ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pae lāʻau lapaʻau honua a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka spectrum maʻi, pono e hoʻoikaika ka ʻoihana mea waena lāʻau lapaʻau i ka noiʻi, ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hana ʻana o nā mea waena lāʻau lapaʻau.

Punaewele ʻikepili: Hui ʻOihana Lapaʻau Kemika Kina

4. ʻO nā ʻoihana hana hana waena lāʻau lapaʻau o Kina he mau ʻoihana pilikino me ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻopukapuka kālā, ʻo ka hapa nui ma waena o 7 miliona a me 20 miliona, a ʻo ka nui o nā limahana he emi ma mua o 100. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka loaʻa kālā o nā waena lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o nā huahana kemika, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻoihana kemika e komo i ka hana ʻana o nā waena lāʻau lapaʻau, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka hanana o ka hoʻokūkū haunaele ma kēia ʻoihana, ka haʻahaʻa o ka ʻoihana, ka pono o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai a me ke kūkulu hou ʻana. I ka manawa like, ʻo ka hoʻokō ʻana o ke kulekele kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau aupuni e koi ai i nā ʻoihana e hōʻemi i nā kumukūʻai hana a hoʻololi i nā kumukūʻai ma ka nui. ʻAʻole hiki i nā mea hana mea maka ke hana i nā huahana me ka waiwai i hoʻohui ʻia kiʻekiʻe, a aia kahi kūlana maikaʻi ʻole o ka hoʻokūkū kumukūʻai.

Ma muli o nā pilikia i luna, ke kuhikuhi aku nei mākou e hāʻawi ka ʻoihana waena lāʻau lapaʻau i ka pāʻani piha i nā pono o Kina e like me ka huahana super a me ke kumukūʻai hana haʻahaʻa, a hoʻonui i ka hoʻokuʻu aku i nā waena lāʻau lapaʻau e noho hou i ka mākeke o nā ʻāina i hoʻomohala ʻia me ka nānā ʻole i ke kūlana maikaʻi ʻole o ke kūlana ahulau ma waho. I ka manawa like, pono e hoʻopili ke aupuni i ka manaʻo nui i ka hiki ke noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā waena lāʻau lapaʻau, a paipai i nā ʻoihana e hoʻonui i ke kaulahao ʻoihana a hoʻonui piha i ke kumu hoʻohālike CDMO i hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka ʻenehana a me ke kapikala. Pono e hoʻokele ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana waena lāʻau lapaʻau e ke koi ma lalo, a pono e hoʻonui ʻia ka waiwai i hoʻohui ʻia a me ka mana kūkākūkā o nā huahana ma ka noho ʻana i nā mākeke o nā ʻāina i hoʻomohala ʻia, e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i kā lākou hiki ke noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana. ʻO ke ala e hoʻonui ai i ke kaulahao ʻoihana ma luna a ma lalo ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi wale i ka loaʻa kālā o nā ʻoihana, akā e hoʻomohala pū i nā ʻoihana waena i hana ʻia. Hiki i kēia neʻe ke hoʻopaʻa hohonu i ka hana ʻana o nā huahana, hoʻonui i ka paʻa o ka mea kūʻai aku, a hoʻoulu i nā pilina hui lōʻihi. E pōmaikaʻi nā ʻoihana mai ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ke koi ma lalo a hana i kahi ʻōnaehana hana i hoʻokele ʻia e ke koi a me ka NOIʻI a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana.