ʻO Dimethylformamide (pōkole DMF), i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo N,N-dimethylformamide, he pani dimethyl o ka formamide, a aia nā hui methyl ʻelua ma nā ʻātoma N (nitrogen), no laila ʻo ia ka inoa. Ma ke ʻano he mea maka kemika koʻikoʻi a me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi loa, hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo DMF i ka polyurethane, acrylic, nā mea hoʻohui meaʻai, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā pesticides, nā dyes, nā mea uila a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.

He wai ʻole kala a moakaka ka DMF me ke kiko paila kiʻekiʻe, ke kiko hau haʻahaʻa, ke kūpaʻa kemika a me ka wela maikaʻi, a hiki ke hui pū ʻia me ka wai a me ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik. He mea hoʻoheheʻe maʻamau ia no nā hopena kemika a ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he "mea hoʻoheheʻe honua": Hoʻohana ʻia ka DMF ʻO ka fiber acrylic i hana ʻia e ke kaʻina hana milo maloʻo o ka fiber acrylic i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka solvent he mau ʻano o ka hydrophobicity maikaʻi, ka mana uhi ikaika, ke ʻano palupalu, a me ka manaʻo lima ikaika; i ka hana ʻana o ka ʻili synthetic polyester pulu, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo DMF ma ke ʻano he mea holoi a hoʻōla no ka resin polyurethane. Hoʻohana ʻia no ka uhi ʻana i nā mea hoʻonui like ʻole, a i ka wā e hoʻohana ʻia ai no ka hoʻoluʻu ʻili, hiki iā ia ke hana i ke kala o ka ʻili i like a ʻaʻole mae; ma muli o kona hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ikaika, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo DMF ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoheheʻe i nā dyes a hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana i nā fiber synthetic, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano like o ka ʻili. Nā waiwai hoʻoluʻu; ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoheheʻe koho i hoʻohana ʻia i nā kaʻina hana hoʻokaʻawale, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo DMF no ka omo koho o nā hydrocarbons like ʻole a me nā kinoea inorganic. No ka laʻana, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo DMF e holoi i ka ethylene e wehe i ka acetylene, a laila e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ethylene. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo DMF e unuhi i ka isoprene, piperylene, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe mai ke kinoea hoʻopau o ka hana ʻana o ka hale hana ethylene no ka synthesis o ka resin unsaturated; Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo DMF ma ke ʻano he solvent koho no nā kaʻina hana unuhi ma ke kahua o ka hana ʻaila. No ka laʻana: i loko o nā ʻōnaehana waikawa polycarboxylic i loaʻa nā waiwai like a paʻakikī ke hoʻokaʻawale, e like me ka waikawa isophthalic a me ka waikawa terephthalic, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale maʻalahi ʻia e ka DMF solvent extraction a i ʻole ka stepwise recrystallization.

I loko o nā hopena organik, ʻaʻole hoʻohana nui ʻia ka dimethylformamide ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoheheʻe hopena, akā he mea nui hoʻi i ka synthesis organik. I ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau, ma ke ʻano he waena lāʻau synthetic, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka hana ʻana o nā lāʻau doxycycline, cortisone, a me sulfonamide; i ka ʻoihana pesticide, hoʻohana ʻia ia e synthesize i nā pesticides a me nā insecticides kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa-ʻawahia.

Ma ke ʻano he mea hana no ka hoʻohuihui kemika, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo DMF ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoheheʻe crystallization no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau. I ka ʻoihana uila, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻoponopono i ka viscosity o ka mea hoʻōla no nā laminates i uhi ʻia i ke keleawe. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo DMF ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoheheʻe lawe e hana i kahi kristal polymeric me BF3 (boron trifluoride), e hoʻololi ai ʻo BF3 mai ke kinoea i paʻa a maʻalahi hoʻi e lawe. Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoheheʻe aprotic polar (hydrophilic) me kahi kiko paila kiʻekiʻe, hiki iā ia ke hoʻolaha i ka ʻano hana bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction (SN₂). Eia kekahi, loaʻa i ka dimethylformamide kahi hopena catalytic i ka hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, dehydration a me nā hopena dehydrohalogenation, kahi e hoʻemi ai i ka mahana o ka hopena a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maʻemaʻe o ka huahana.

Me he mea lā ua kūpono ʻo DMF i ka inoa ʻo "universal solvent". E paʻakikī ke lanakila ma luna o kēia ʻano hoʻohana i ka manawa pōkole.

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