ʻIke ʻia hoʻi ʻo dimethylaniline, ʻaʻole waihoʻoluʻu i ka wai ʻaila melemele māmā, ʻala hoʻonāukiuki, i ka lewa a i ʻole ma lalo o ka lā maʻalahi ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana iā Ze i ka hohonu. ʻAno mānoanoa (20 ℃/4 ℃) 0.9555, kahi hau hau 2.0 ℃, kahi e paila ai 193 ℃, kiko uila (wehe) 77 ℃, wahi ʻā 317 ℃, viscosity (25 ℃) 1.528 MPa · s, helu kuhikuhi (N20D) 1.5584 . Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka ethanol, ether, chloroform, benzene a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe i nā ʻano mea like ʻole. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. Flammable, e puhi i ka hamama ahi, mahu a me ka ea e hana i ka explosive huikau, explosive palena o 1.2% ~ 7.0% (vol). ʻO nā meaʻawaʻawa kiʻekiʻe, ka hoʻoheheʻe wela kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻokuʻuʻana i ke kinoea aniline. Hiki ke komo i loko o ka ʻili a me nā mea ʻawaʻawa, LD501410mg/kg, ʻo ka nui o ka ʻae ʻia i ka ea he 5mg/m3.

Nā hana mālama

1. Waihona memo [25] E kūʻai i loko o kahi hale kūʻai ʻoluʻolu me ka makani. E mālama i ke ahi a me ka wela. E hoʻopaʻa i ka pahu. Pono e mālama kaʻawale mai nā waikawa, nā halogens a me nā kemika meaʻai, a ʻaʻole pono e hui ʻia. E hoʻolako me nā ʻano like ʻole a me ka nui o nā lako kaua ahi. Pono e hoʻolako ʻia ka wahi e mālama ai me nā lako lapaʻau ulia pōpilikia a me nā mea mālama pono.

2. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka pahu hao, 180kg no ka pahu. E mālama i kahi anuanu a me ka makani. E kūʻai a lawe aku e like me nā lula o nā mea hiki ke hoʻomā a me nā mea ʻona

ʻO nā ʻano hana synthetic

1. Ma ka aniline a me ka methanol i ke alo o ka sulfuric acid, ma o ke kiʻekiʻe wela a me ke kiʻekiʻe kaomi. Ke kahe kaʻina hana: 1. E hoʻohui i ka 790kg o aniline, 625kg o ka methanol a me 85kg o ka sulfuric acid (100% o ka ammonium) i ka reactor, e hoʻomalu i ka mahana 210-215 ℃ a me ke kaomi 3.1MPa, e pane no 4h, a laila e hoʻokuʻu i ke kaomi, hoʻokuʻu i ka mea i ka separator, neutralize me 30% sodium hydroxide, kū, a hoʻokaʻawale i ka lalo quaternary ammonium paʻakai. A laila ka hopena o ka hydrolysis ma 160 ℃, 0.7-0.9MPa no 3h, ua hui pū ʻia ka hydrolyzate a me ka aila luna me ka holoi wai a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka wai e loaʻa ai ka huahana i pau.

2, me ka methanol a me ka aniline e like me nā mea maka, ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka methanol nui, ke kaomi ea, 200-250 ℃, ma o ka synthesis catalyst alumina. ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea maka: aniline 790kg/t, methanol 625kg/t, sulfuric acid 85kg/t. Hiki i ka hoʻomākaukau keʻena ke hoʻololi i ka aniline me ka trimethyl phosphate.

3. Hoʻohui ʻia ka aniline a me ka methanol (N aniline: N methanol ≈ 1: 3) a hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka reactor i hoʻolako ʻia me ka catalyst ma ka māmā holo o 0.5h-1 ma o ka reciprocating non-pulse metering pump. Komo mua ka effluent hopena i ke aniani kinoea-wai hoʻokaʻawale, a lawe ʻia ka wai i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka mea hoʻokaʻawale no ka loiloi chromatographic.

4. I ka makahiki 2001, ua hoʻokumu pū ʻo Nankai University a me Tianjin Ruikai Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd i kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe aniline methylation maikaʻi loa e ʻike ai i ka synthesis o ke kinoea o N, N-dimethylaniline. Penei ke kaʻina hana: Ma hope o ka hui ʻia ʻana o ka aniline wai me ka methanol i ka like, ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o kahi hale kiaʻi vaporization a laila komo i loko o kahi reactor tubular me ka wikiwiki o 0.5-1.0h-1 (ka moe paʻa o ka tubular reactor. ua lako me ka nanometer solid catalyst) no ka hana mau ma 250-300 ℃ a me ke kaomi ea. ʻO ka hua o DMA ma luna o 96%.

ʻO ke ala hoʻomaʻemaʻe: loaʻa pinepine i ka aniline, N-methyl aniline a me nā mea haumia ʻē aʻe. I ka wā hoʻomaʻemaʻe, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻo N, N-dimethylaniline i 40% sulfuric acid a lawe ʻia ka distillation mahu. Hoʻohui ʻia ka sodium hydroxide e hana maʻamau. Ke hoʻomau nei ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mahu. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka distillate i kahi papa wai a maloʻo me ka potassium hydroxide. ʻO ka distillation ma ke kaomi lewa i mua o ka anhydride acetic. Holoi ʻia ka distillate me ka wai e wehe i ka nui o ka acetic anhydride, a laila hoʻomaloʻo ʻia me ka potassium hydroxide, a ukali ʻia e ka barium oxide a me ka distillation decompressed i loko o kahi kahawai nitrogen. ʻO nā ʻano hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻē aʻe ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka 10% acetic anhydride a me ka reflux no kekahi mau hola e hoʻoneʻe i nā amine mua a me ke kula kiʻekiʻe. Ma hope o ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana, e hoʻohui i ka 20% hydrochloric acid a me ka ether. Hana ʻia ka papa waika hydrochloric i ka alkaline ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka alkali, a laila lawe ʻia me ka etera. Hoʻomaloʻo ʻia ka papa etera me ka potassium hydroxide a laila hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma lalo o ke kaomi ma lalo o ka nitrogen. N, N-dimethylaniline hiki ke hoohuli ia i picronate, recrystallized i kahi hehee mau me ka mehana 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution e decompose picronate. Wehe me ka ether, holoi me ka wai a maloʻo ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana.

5. Hoʻohui ʻia ʻo Aniline, methanol a me sulfuric acid i ka like a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ka autoclave. Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka huahana hopena e ka hoʻoluhi kaomi, hoʻohui ʻia ka alkali no ka neʻe ʻana, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, a laila loaʻa ka huahana e ka distillation vacuum.

6. ʻO ka hopena methylation o aniline a me trimethyl phosphate hiki ke hana i ka N, N-dimethylaniline: a laila unuhi ʻia me ka etera, ka distillation maloʻo.

7. N, N-dimethylaniline hiki ke synthesized ma ka hoohui ana i ka hui ana o ka aniline a me ka methanol ma ka ratio o 1∶ 3.5 i loko o ka moena catalytic o Cu-Mn a i ole Cu-Zn-Cr Ziegler catalyst ma 280 ℃. ʻO ka hopena N, N-dimethylaniline e hōʻiliʻili ʻia i loko o ka distillation unit o 54 mau papa ma ka laulā o 193 a 195 ℃ a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o nā hue aniani ʻeleʻele. No ka hoʻomākaukau chromatography maʻemaʻe N, N-dimethylaniline, hiki ke lilo i ka mea lawe kinoea, i ka hoomakaukau kinoea chromatography me Ben 犅 yaku kolamu injected i ka rectification o N, N-dimethylaniline, ma o ka hookaawale ana a me ka ohi o ka mea nui hapa piko, a laila. i loko o ke aniani ampoule sila hiki ke.

ʻO ke kumu nui

1. ʻO kekahi o nā mea waiwai kumu no ka hana ʻana i nā kumu paʻakai (triphenyl methane dyes, etc.) a me nā mea hoʻonaninani kumu, ʻo nā ʻano nui he alkaline māmā melemele, alkaline poni 5GN, alkaline ʻōmaʻomaʻo, alkaline loko uliuli, ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula 5GN, ʻulaʻula uliuli, etc. N, N-dimethylaniline i ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hana ʻana i ka cephalosporin V, sulfamilamide B-methoxymidine, sulfamilamide dimethoxymidine, fluorouracil, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, i ka ʻoihana ʻala no ka hana ʻana i ka vanillin, etc. he mea hoʻoheheʻe, metala preservative, mea ho'ōla o ka epoxy resin, ho'ōla accelerator o ka polyester resin, catalyst no ka polymerization o ethylene pūhui, etc. Ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka hoʻomākaukau 'ana i nā kumuʻaʻahu triphenyl methane kumu, azo dyes a me vanillin. 3. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia huahana ma ke ʻano he catalyst no ka hana ʻana i nā plastic polyurethane foam me nā pūhui kinona. Hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi e like me ka vulcanization accelerator, explosives, pharmaceutical raw material. ʻO ia kekahi o nā mea waiwai kumu no ka hana ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kumu (triphenyl methane dyes, etc.) a me nā pelo kumu. ʻO nā ʻano nui he melemele māmā, poni BN, ʻōmaʻomaʻo kumu, polū polū kumu, ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula 5GN, ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, etc. - dimethoxymidine, fluorouracil, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, i ka ʻoihana ʻala no ka hana ʻana i ka vanillin, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka solvent, he catalyst no ka polymerization o nā pūhui ethylene, he mea mālama metala, he ultraviolet absorber no nā mea hoʻonaninani, kahi māmā sensitizer, etc. nā mea ʻala a me nā mea ʻala (vanillin) a me nā mea maka ʻē aʻe. 5. Hoʻohana ʻia ka Reagent no ka hoʻoholo photometric o ka nitrite. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ia e like me ka solvent a i ka synthesis organik. 6. Hoʻohana ʻia e like me ke kala waena, solvent, stabilizer, analytical reagent.